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How to Use and Register Namespaced Twig Paths

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How to Use and Register Namespaced Twig Paths

Usually, when you refer to a template, you'll use the relative path from the main templates/ dir at the root of the project:

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{# this template is located in templates/layout.html.twig #}
{% extends "layout.html.twig" %}

{# this template is located in templates/user/profile.html.twig #}
{{ include('user/profile.html.twig') }}

If the application defines lots of templates and stores them in deep nested directories, you may consider using Twig namespaces, which create shortcuts to template directories.

Registering your own Namespaces

Suppose that you're using some third-party library that includes Twig templates that live in vendor/acme/foo-bar/templates/. This path is too long, so you can define a foo_bar Twig namespace as a shortcut.

First, register a namespace for this directory:

  • YAML
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    # config/packages/twig.yaml
twig:
    # ...
    paths:
        '%kernel.project_dir%/vendor/acme/foo-bar/templates': foo_bar
  • XML
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    <!-- config/packages/twig.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<container xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:twig="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/twig"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services
        http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services/services-1.0.xsd">

    <twig:config debug="%kernel.debug%" strict-variables="%kernel.debug%">
        <twig:path namespace="foo_bar">%kernel.project_dir%/vendor/acme/foo-bar/templates</twig:path>
    </twig:config>
</container>
  • PHP
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    // config/packages/twig.php
$container->loadFromExtension('twig', array(
    'paths' => array(
        '%kernel.project_dir%/vendor/acme/foo-bar/templates' => 'foo_bar',
    ),
));

The registered namespace is called foo_bar, but you must prefix the @ character when using it in templates (that's how Twig can differentiate namespaces from regular paths). Assuming there's a file called sidebar.twig in the vendor/acme/foo-bar/templates/ directory, you can refer to it as:

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{{ include('@foo_bar/sidebar.twig') }}

Multiple Paths per Namespace

A single Twig namespace can be associated with multiple paths. The order in which paths are configured is very important, because Twig will always load the first template that exists, starting from the first configured path. This feature can be used as a fallback mechanism to load generic templates when the specific template doesn't exist.

  • YAML
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    # config/packages/twig.yaml
twig:
    # ...
    paths:
        '%kernel.project_dir%/vendor/acme/themes/theme1': theme
        '%kernel.project_dir%/vendor/acme/themes/theme2': theme
        '%kernel.project_dir%/vendor/acme/themes/common': theme
  • XML
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    <!-- config/packages/twig.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<container xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:twig="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/twig"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services
        http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services/services-1.0.xsd">

    <twig:config debug="%kernel.debug%" strict-variables="%kernel.debug%">
        <twig:path namespace="theme">%kernel.project_dir%/vendor/acme/themes/theme1</twig:path>
        <twig:path namespace="theme">%kernel.project_dir%/vendor/acme/themes/theme2</twig:path>
        <twig:path namespace="theme">%kernel.project_dir%/vendor/acme/themes/common</twig:path>
    </twig:config>
</container>
  • PHP
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    // config/packages/twig.php
$container->loadFromExtension('twig', array(
    'paths' => array(
        '%kernel.project_dir%/vendor/acme/themes/theme1' => 'theme',
        '%kernel.project_dir%/vendor/acme/themes/theme2' => 'theme',
        '%kernel.project_dir%/vendor/acme/themes/common' => 'theme',
    ),
));

Now, you can use the same @theme namespace to refer to any template located in the previous three directories:

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{{ include('@theme/header.twig') }}

This work, including the code samples, is licensed under a Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0 license.