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  4. How to Match a Route Based on the Host
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How to Match a Route Based on the Host

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How to Match a Route Based on the Host

You can also match on the HTTP host of the incoming request.

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    // src/Controller/MainController.php
namespace App\Controller;

use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController;
use Symfony\Component\Routing\Annotation\Route;

class MainController extends AbstractController
{
    /**
     * @Route("/", name="mobile_homepage", host="m.example.com")
     */
    public function mobileHomepage()
    {
        // ...
    }

    /**
     * @Route("/", name="homepage")
     */
    public function homepage()
    {
        // ...
    }
}
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    # config/routes.yaml
mobile_homepage:
    path:       /
    host:       m.example.com
    controller: App\Controller\MainController::mobileHomepage

homepage:
    path:       /
    controller: App\Controller\MainController::homepage
  • XML
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    <!-- config/routes.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<routes xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/routing"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/routing
        http://symfony.com/schema/routing/routing-1.0.xsd">

    <route id="mobile_homepage" path="/" host="m.example.com">
        <default key="_controller">App\Controller\MainController::mobileHomepage</default>
    </route>

    <route id="homepage" path="/">
        <default key="_controller">App\Controller\MainController::homepage</default>
    </route>
</routes>
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    // config/routes.php
use Symfony\Component\Routing\RouteCollection;
use Symfony\Component\Routing\Route;

$routes = new RouteCollection();
$routes->add('mobile_homepage', new Route('/', [
    '_controller' => 'App\Controller\MainController::mobileHomepage',
], [], [], 'm.example.com'));

$routes->add('homepage', new Route('/', [
    '_controller' => 'App\Controller\MainController::homepage',
]));

return $routes;

Both routes match the same path /, however the first one will match only if the host is m.example.com.

Using Placeholders

The host option uses the same syntax as the path matching system. This means you can use placeholders in your hostname:

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    // src/Controller/MainController.php
namespace App\Controller;

use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController;
use Symfony\Component\Routing\Annotation\Route;

class MainController extends AbstractController
{
    /**
     * @Route("/", name="projects_homepage", host="{project_name}.example.com")
     */
    public function projectsHomepage()
    {
        // ...
    }

    /**
     * @Route("/", name="homepage")
     */
    public function homepage()
    {
        // ...
    }
}
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    # config/routes.yaml
projects_homepage:
    path:       /
    host:       "{project_name}.example.com"
    controller: App\Controller\MainController::projectsHomepage

homepage:
    path:       /
    controller: App\Controller\MainController::homepage
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    <!-- config/routes.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<routes xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/routing"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/routing
        http://symfony.com/schema/routing/routing-1.0.xsd">

    <route id="projects_homepage" path="/" host="{project_name}.example.com">
        <default key="_controller">App\Controller\MainController::projectsHomepage</default>
    </route>

    <route id="homepage" path="/">
        <default key="_controller">App\Controller\MainController::homepage</default>
    </route>
</routes>
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    // config/routes.php
use Symfony\Component\Routing\RouteCollection;
use Symfony\Component\Routing\Route;

$routes = new RouteCollection();
$routes->add('project_homepage', new Route('/', [
    '_controller' => 'App\Controller\MainController::projectsHomepage',
], [], [], '{project_name}.example.com'));

$routes->add('homepage', new Route('/', [
    '_controller' => 'App\Controller\MainController::homepage',
]));

return $routes;

You can also set requirements and default options for these placeholders. For instance, if you want to match both m.example.com and mobile.example.com, you use this:

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    // src/Controller/MainController.php
namespace App\Controller;

use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController;
use Symfony\Component\Routing\Annotation\Route;

class MainController extends AbstractController
{
    /**
     * @Route(
     *     "/",
     *     name="mobile_homepage",
     *     host="{subdomain}.example.com",
     *     defaults={"subdomain"="m"},
     *     requirements={"subdomain"="m|mobile"}
     * )
     */
    public function mobileHomepage()
    {
        // ...
    }

    /**
     * @Route("/", name="homepage")
     */
    public function homepage()
    {
        // ...
    }
}
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    # config/routes.yaml
mobile_homepage:
    path:       /
    host:       "{subdomain}.example.com"
    controller: App\Controller\MainController::mobileHomepage
    defaults:
        subdomain: m
    requirements:
        subdomain: m|mobile

homepage:
    path:       /
    controller: App\Controller\MainController::homepage
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    <!-- config/routes.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<routes xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/routing"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/routing
        http://symfony.com/schema/routing/routing-1.0.xsd">

    <route id="mobile_homepage" path="/" host="{subdomain}.example.com">
        <default key="_controller">App\Controller\MainController::mobileHomepage</default>
        <default key="subdomain">m</default>
        <requirement key="subdomain">m|mobile</requirement>
    </route>

    <route id="homepage" path="/">
        <default key="_controller">App\Controller\MainController::homepage</default>
    </route>
</routes>
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    // config/routes.php
use Symfony\Component\Routing\RouteCollection;
use Symfony\Component\Routing\Route;

$routes = new RouteCollection();
$routes->add('mobile_homepage', new Route('/', [
    '_controller' => 'App\Controller\MainController::mobileHomepage',
    'subdomain'   => 'm',
], [
    'subdomain' => 'm|mobile',
], [], '{subdomain}.example.com'));

$routes->add('homepage', new Route('/', [
    '_controller' => 'App\Controller\MainController::homepage',
]));

return $routes;

Tip

You can also use service parameters if you do not want to hardcode the hostname:

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    // src/Controller/MainController.php
namespace App\Controller;

use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController;
use Symfony\Component\Routing\Annotation\Route;

class MainController extends AbstractController
{
    /**
     * @Route(
     *     "/",
     *     name="mobile_homepage",
     *     host="m.{domain}",
     *     defaults={"domain"="%domain%"},
     *     requirements={"domain"="%domain%"}
     * )
     */
    public function mobileHomepage()
    {
        // ...
    }

    /**
     * @Route("/", name="homepage")
     */
    public function homepage()
    {
        // ...
    }
}
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    # config/routes.yaml
mobile_homepage:
    path:       /
    host:       "m.{domain}"
    controller: App\Controller\MainController::mobileHomepage
    defaults:
        domain: '%domain%'
    requirements:
        domain: '%domain%'

homepage:
    path:       /
    controller: App\Controller\MainController::homepage
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    <!-- config/routes.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<routes xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/routing"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/routing
        http://symfony.com/schema/routing/routing-1.0.xsd">

    <route id="mobile_homepage" path="/" host="m.{domain}">
        <default key="_controller">App\Controller\MainController::mobileHomepage</default>
        <default key="domain">%domain%</default>
        <requirement key="domain">%domain%</requirement>
    </route>

    <route id="homepage" path="/">
        <default key="_controller">App\Controller\MainController::homepage</default>
    </route>
</routes>
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    // config/routes.php
use Symfony\Component\Routing\RouteCollection;
use Symfony\Component\Routing\Route;

$routes = new RouteCollection();
$routes->add('mobile_homepage', new Route('/', [
    '_controller' => 'App\Controller\MainController::mobileHomepage',
    'domain' => '%domain%',
], [
    'domain' => '%domain%',
], [], 'm.{domain}'));

$routes->add('homepage', new Route('/', [
    '_controller' => 'App\Controller\MainController::homepage',
]));

return $routes;

Tip

Make sure you also include a default option for the domain placeholder, otherwise you need to include a domain value each time you generate a URL using the route.

Using Host Matching of Imported Routes

You can also set the host option on imported routes:

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    // src/Controller/MainController.php
namespace App\Controller;

use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController;
use Symfony\Component\Routing\Annotation\Route;

/**
 * @Route(host="hello.example.com")
 */
class MainController extends AbstractController
{
    // ...
}
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    # config/routes.yaml
app_hello:
    resource: '@ThirdPartyBundle/Resources/config/routing.yaml'
    host:     "hello.example.com"
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    <!-- config/routes.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<routes xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/routing"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/routing
        http://symfony.com/schema/routing/routing-1.0.xsd">

    <import resource="@ThirdPartyBundle/Resources/config/routing.xml" host="hello.example.com" />
</routes>
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    // config/routes.php
$routes = $loader->import("@ThirdPartyBundle/Resources/config/routing.php");
$routes->setHost('hello.example.com');

return $routes;

The host hello.example.com will be set on each route loaded from the new routing resource.

Testing your Controllers

You need to set the Host HTTP header on your request objects if you want to get past url matching in your functional tests:

$crawler = $client->request(
    'GET',
    '/homepage',
    [],
    [],
    ['HTTP_HOST' => 'm.' . $client->getContainer()->getParameter('domain')]
);

This work, including the code samples, is licensed under a Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0 license.