SecurityBundle Configuration ("security")

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SecurityBundle Configuration ("security")

The security system is one of the most powerful parts of Symfony and can largely be controlled via its configuration.

Full Default Configuration

The following is the full default configuration for the security system. Each part will be explained in the next section.

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        # app/config/security.yml
security:
    access_denied_url:    ~ # Example: /foo/error403

    # strategy can be: none, migrate, invalidate
    session_fixation_strategy:  migrate
    hide_user_not_found:  true
    always_authenticate_before_granting:  false
    erase_credentials:    true
    access_decision_manager:
        strategy:             affirmative # One of affirmative, consensus, unanimous
        allow_if_all_abstain:  false
        allow_if_equal_granted_denied:  true
    acl:

        # any name configured in doctrine.dbal section
        connection:           ~
        cache:
            id:                   ~
            prefix:               sf2_acl_
        provider:             ~
        tables:
            class:                acl_classes
            entry:                acl_entries
            object_identity:      acl_object_identities
            object_identity_ancestors:  acl_object_identity_ancestors
            security_identity:    acl_security_identities
        voter:
            allow_if_object_identity_unavailable:  true

    encoders:
        # Examples:
        Acme\DemoBundle\Entity\User1: sha512
        Acme\DemoBundle\Entity\User2:
            algorithm:           sha512
            encode_as_base64:    true
            iterations:          5000

        # PBKDF2 encoder
        # see the note about PBKDF2 below for details on security and speed
        Acme\Your\Class\Name:
            algorithm:            pbkdf2
            hash_algorithm:       sha512
            encode_as_base64:     true
            iterations:           1000
            key_length:           40

        # Example options/values for what a custom encoder might look like
        Acme\DemoBundle\Entity\User3:
            id:                   my.encoder.id

        # BCrypt encoder
        # see the note about bcrypt below for details on specific dependencies
        Acme\DemoBundle\Entity\User4:
            algorithm:            bcrypt
            cost:                 13

        # Plaintext encoder
        # it does not do any encoding
        Acme\DemoBundle\Entity\User5:
            algorithm:            plaintext
            ignore_case:          false

    providers:            # Required
        # Examples:
        my_in_memory_provider:
            memory:
                users:
                    foo:
                        password:           foo
                        roles:              ROLE_USER
                    bar:
                        password:           bar
                        roles:              [ROLE_USER, ROLE_ADMIN]

        my_entity_provider:
            entity:
                class:              SecurityBundle:User
                property:           username
                # name of a non-default entity manager
                manager_name:       ~

        # Example custom provider
        my_some_custom_provider:
            id:                   ~

        # Chain some providers
        my_chain_provider:
            chain:
                providers:          [ my_in_memory_provider, my_entity_provider ]

    firewalls:            # Required
        # Examples:
        somename:
            pattern: .*
            request_matcher: some.service.id
            access_denied_url: /foo/error403
            access_denied_handler: some.service.id
            entry_point: some.service.id
            provider: some_key_from_above
            # manages where each firewall stores session information
            # See "Firewall Context" below for more details
            context: context_key
            stateless: false
            x509:
                provider: some_key_from_above
            http_basic:
                provider: some_key_from_above
            http_digest:
                provider: some_key_from_above
            form_login:
                # submit the login form here
                check_path: /login_check

                # the user is redirected here when they need to log in
                login_path: /login

                # if true, forward the user to the login form instead of redirecting
                use_forward: false

                # login success redirecting options (read further below)
                always_use_default_target_path: false
                default_target_path:            /
                target_path_parameter:          _target_path
                use_referer:                    false

                # login failure redirecting options (read further below)
                failure_path:    /foo
                failure_forward: false
                failure_path_parameter: _failure_path
                failure_handler: some.service.id
                success_handler: some.service.id

                # field names for the username and password fields
                username_parameter: _username
                password_parameter: _password

                # csrf token options
                csrf_parameter: _csrf_token
                intention:      authenticate
                csrf_provider:  my.csrf_provider.id

                # by default, the login form *must* be a POST, not a GET
                post_only:      true
                remember_me:    false

                # by default, a session must exist before submitting an authentication request
                # if false, then Request::hasPreviousSession is not called during authentication
                # new in Symfony 2.3
                require_previous_session: true

            remember_me:
                token_provider: name
                key: someS3cretKey
                name: NameOfTheCookie
                lifetime: 3600 # in seconds
                path: /foo
                domain: somedomain.foo
                secure: false
                httponly: true
                always_remember_me: false
                remember_me_parameter: _remember_me
            logout:
                path:   /logout
                target: /
                invalidate_session: false
                delete_cookies:
                    a: { path: null, domain: null }
                    b: { path: null, domain: null }
                handlers: [some.service.id, another.service.id]
                success_handler: some.service.id
            anonymous: ~

        # Default values and options for any firewall
        some_firewall_listener:
            pattern:              ~
            security:             true
            request_matcher:      ~
            access_denied_url:    ~
            access_denied_handler:  ~
            entry_point:          ~
            provider:             ~
            stateless:            false
            context:              ~
            logout:
                csrf_parameter:       _csrf_token
                csrf_provider:        ~
                intention:            logout
                path:                 /logout
                target:               /
                success_handler:      ~
                invalidate_session:   true
                delete_cookies:

                    # Prototype
                    name:
                        path:                 ~
                        domain:               ~
                handlers:             []
            anonymous:
                key:                  4f954a0667e01
            switch_user:
                provider:             ~
                parameter:            _switch_user
                role:                 ROLE_ALLOWED_TO_SWITCH

    access_control:
        requires_channel:     ~

        # use the urldecoded format
        path:                 ~ # Example: ^/path to resource/
        host:                 ~
        ips:                  []
        methods:              []
        roles:                []
    role_hierarchy:
        ROLE_ADMIN:      [ROLE_ORGANIZER, ROLE_USER]
        ROLE_SUPERADMIN: [ROLE_ADMIN]
    

When using the form_login authentication listener beneath a firewall, there are several common options for configuring the "form login" experience.

For even more details, see How to Customize your Form Login.

type: string default: /login

This is the route or path that the user will be redirected to (unless use_forward is set to true) when they try to access a protected resource but isn't fully authenticated.

This path must be accessible by a normal, un-authenticated user, else you may create a redirect loop. For details, see "Avoid Common Pitfalls".

check_path

type: string default: /login_check

This is the route or path that your login form must submit to. The firewall will intercept any requests (POST requests only, by default) to this URL and process the submitted login credentials.

Be sure that this URL is covered by your main firewall (i.e. don't create a separate firewall just for check_path URL).

use_forward

type: boolean default: false

If you'd like the user to be forwarded to the login form instead of being redirected, set this option to true.

username_parameter

type: string default: _username

This is the field name that you should give to the username field of your login form. When you submit the form to check_path, the security system will look for a POST parameter with this name.

password_parameter

type: string default: _password

This is the field name that you should give to the password field of your login form. When you submit the form to check_path, the security system will look for a POST parameter with this name.

post_only

type: boolean default: true

By default, you must submit your login form to the check_path URL as a POST request. By setting this option to false, you can send a GET request to the check_path URL.

always_use_default_target_path (type: boolean, default: false)
default_target_path (type: string, default: /)
target_path_parameter (type: string, default: _target_path)
use_referer (type: boolean, default: false)

Logout Configuration

invalidate_session

type: boolean default: true

By default, when users log out from any firewall, their sessions are invalidated. This means that logging out from one firewall automatically logs them out from all the other firewalls.

The invalidate_session option allows to redefine this behavior. Set this option to false in every firewall and the user will only be logged out from the current firewall and not the other ones.

Using the PBKDF2 Encoder: Security and Speed

2.2

The PBKDF2 password encoder was introduced in Symfony 2.2.

The PBKDF2 encoder provides a high level of Cryptographic security, as recommended by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).

You can see an example of the pbkdf2 encoder in the YAML block on this page.

But using PBKDF2 also warrants a warning: using it (with a high number of iterations) slows down the process. Thus, PBKDF2 should be used with caution and care.

A good configuration lies around at least 1000 iterations and sha512 for the hash algorithm.

Using the BCrypt Password Encoder

Caution

To use this encoder, you either need to use PHP Version 5.5 or install the ircmaxell/password-compat library via Composer.

2.2

The BCrypt password encoder was introduced in Symfony 2.2.

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        # app/config/security.yml
security:
    # ...

    encoders:
        Symfony\Component\Security\Core\User\User:
            algorithm: bcrypt
            cost:      15
    

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        <!-- app/config/security.xml -->
<config>
    <!-- ... -->
    <encoder
        class="Symfony\Component\Security\Core\User\User"
        algorithm="bcrypt"
        cost="15"
    />
</config>
    

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        // app/config/security.php
$container->loadFromExtension('security', array(
    // ...
    'encoders' => array(
        'Symfony\Component\Security\Core\User\User' => array(
            'algorithm' => 'bcrypt',
            'cost'      => 15,
        ),
    ),
));
    

The cost can be in the range of 4-31 and determines how long a password will be encoded. Each increment of cost doubles the time it takes to encode a password.

If you don't provide the cost option, the default cost of 13 is used.

Note

You can change the cost at any time — even if you already have some passwords encoded using a different cost. New passwords will be encoded using the new cost, while the already encoded ones will be validated using a cost that was used back when they were encoded.

A salt for each new password is generated automatically and need not be persisted. Since an encoded password contains the salt used to encode it, persisting the encoded password alone is enough.

Note

All the encoded passwords are 60 characters long, so make sure to allocate enough space for them to be persisted.

Firewall Context

Most applications will only need one firewall. But if your application does use multiple firewalls, you'll notice that if you're authenticated in one firewall, you're not automatically authenticated in another. In other words, the systems don't share a common "context": each firewall acts like a separate security system.

However, each firewall has an optional context key (which defaults to the name of the firewall), which is used when storing and retrieving security data to and from the session. If this key were set to the same value across multiple firewalls, the "context" could actually be shared:

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        # app/config/security.yml
security:
    # ...

    firewalls:
        somename:
            # ...
            context: my_context
        othername:
            # ...
            context: my_context
    

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        <!-- app/config/security.xml -->
<security:config>
    <firewall name="somename" context="my_context">
        <! ... ->
    </firewall>
    <firewall name="othername" context="my_context">
        <! ... ->
    </firewall>
</security:config>
    

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        // app/config/security.php
$container->loadFromExtension('security', array(
    'firewalls' => array(
        'somename' => array(
            // ...
            'context' => 'my_context'
        ),
        'othername' => array(
            // ...
            'context' => 'my_context'
        ),
    ),
));
    

HTTP-Digest Authentication

To use HTTP-Digest authentication you need to provide a realm and a key:

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        # app/config/security.yml
security:
    firewalls:
        somename:
            http_digest:
                key: 'a_random_string'
                realm: 'secure-api'
    

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        <!-- app/config/security.xml -->
<security:config>
    <firewall name="somename">
        <http-digest key="a_random_string" realm="secure-api" />
    </firewall>
</security:config>
    

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        // app/config/security.php
$container->loadFromExtension('security', array(
    'firewalls' => array(
        'somename' => array(
            'http_digest' => array(
                'key'   => 'a_random_string',
                'realm' => 'secure-api',
            ),
        ),
    ),
));
    

This work, including the code samples, is licensed under a Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0 license.

SecurityBundle Configuration ("security")

SecurityBundle Configuration ("security")

Full Default Configuration

check_path

use_forward

username_parameter

password_parameter

post_only

Logout Configuration

invalidate_session

Using the PBKDF2 Encoder: Security and Speed

Using the BCrypt Password Encoder

Firewall Context

HTTP-Digest Authentication

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