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How to Enable Logging in Console Commands

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How to Enable Logging in Console Commands

The Console component doesn't provide any logging capabilities out of the box. Normally, you run console commands manually and observe the output, which is why logging is not provided. However, there are cases when you might need logging. For example, if you are running console commands unattended, such as from cron jobs or deployment scripts, it may be easier to use Symfony's logging capabilities instead of configuring other tools to gather console output and process it. This can be especially handful if you already have some existing setup for aggregating and analyzing Symfony logs.

There are basically two logging cases you would need:
  • Manually logging some information from your command;
  • Logging uncaught Exceptions.

Manually Logging from a Console Command

This one is really simple. When you create a console command within the full framework as described in "How to Create a Console Command", your command extends ContainerAwareCommand. This means that you can simply access the standard logger service through the container and use it to do the logging:

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// src/Acme/DemoBundle/Command/GreetCommand.php
namespace Acme\DemoBundle\Command;

use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Command\ContainerAwareCommand;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputArgument;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputInterface;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputOption;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Output\OutputInterface;
use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;

class GreetCommand extends ContainerAwareCommand
{
    // ...

    protected function execute(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output)
    {
        /** @var $logger LoggerInterface */
        $logger = $this->getContainer()->get('logger');

        $name = $input->getArgument('name');
        if ($name) {
            $text = 'Hello '.$name;
        } else {
            $text = 'Hello';
        }

        if ($input->getOption('yell')) {
            $text = strtoupper($text);
            $logger->warning('Yelled: '.$text);
        } else {
            $logger->info('Greeted: '.$text);
        }

        $output->writeln($text);
    }
}

Depending on the environment in which you run your command (and your logging setup), you should see the logged entries in app/logs/dev.log or app/logs/prod.log.

Enabling automatic Exceptions Logging

To get your console application to automatically log uncaught exceptions for all of your commands, you can use console events.

New in version 2.3: Console events were introduced in Symfony 2.3.

First configure a listener for console exception events in the service container:

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    # app/config/services.yml
services:
    kernel.listener.command_dispatch:
        class: Acme\DemoBundle\EventListener\ConsoleExceptionListener
        arguments:
            logger: "@logger"
        tags:
            - { name: kernel.event_listener, event: console.exception }
  • XML
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    <!-- app/config/services.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<container xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services/services-1.0.xsd">

    <parameters>
        <parameter key="console_exception_listener.class">Acme\DemoBundle\EventListener\ConsoleExceptionListener</parameter>
    </parameters>

    <services>
        <service id="kernel.listener.command_dispatch" class="%console_exception_listener.class%">
            <argument type="service" id="logger"/>
            <tag name="kernel.event_listener" event="console.exception" />
        </service>
    </services>
</container>
  • PHP
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    // app/config/services.php
use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\Definition;
use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\Reference;

$container->setParameter(
    'console_exception_listener.class',
    'Acme\DemoBundle\EventListener\ConsoleExceptionListener'
);
$definitionConsoleExceptionListener = new Definition(
    '%console_exception_listener.class%',
    array(new Reference('logger'))
);
$definitionConsoleExceptionListener->addTag(
    'kernel.event_listener',
    array('event' => 'console.exception')
);
$container->setDefinition(
    'kernel.listener.command_dispatch',
    $definitionConsoleExceptionListener
);

Then implement the actual listener:

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// src/Acme/DemoBundle/EventListener/ConsoleExceptionListener.php
namespace Acme\DemoBundle\EventListener;

use Symfony\Component\Console\Event\ConsoleExceptionEvent;
use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;

class ConsoleExceptionListener
{
    private $logger;

    public function __construct(LoggerInterface $logger)
    {
        $this->logger = $logger;
    }

    public function onConsoleException(ConsoleExceptionEvent $event)
    {
        $command = $event->getCommand();
        $exception = $event->getException();

        $message = sprintf(
            '%s: %s (uncaught exception) at %s line %s while running console command `%s`',
            get_class($exception),
            $exception->getMessage(),
            $exception->getFile(),
            $exception->getLine(),
            $command->getName()
        );

        $this->logger->error($message);
    }
}

In the code above, when any command throws an exception, the listener will receive an event. You can simply log it by passing the logger service via the service configuration. Your method receives a ConsoleExceptionEvent object, which has methods to get information about the event and the exception.

Logging non-0 Exit Statuses

The logging capabilities of the console can be further extended by logging non-0 exit statuses. This way you will know if a command had any errors, even if no exceptions were thrown.

First configure a listener for console terminate events in the service container:

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    # app/config/services.yml
services:
    kernel.listener.command_dispatch:
        class: Acme\DemoBundle\EventListener\ConsoleTerminateListener
        arguments:
            logger: "@logger"
        tags:
            - { name: kernel.event_listener, event: console.terminate }
  • XML
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    <!-- app/config/services.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<container xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services/services-1.0.xsd">

    <parameters>
        <parameter key="console_exception_listener.class">Acme\DemoBundle\EventListener\ConsoleExceptionListener</parameter>
    </parameters>

    <services>
        <service id="kernel.listener.command_dispatch" class="%console_exception_listener.class%">
            <argument type="service" id="logger"/>
            <tag name="kernel.event_listener" event="console.terminate" />
        </service>
    </services>
</container>
  • PHP
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    // app/config/services.php
use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\Definition;
use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\Reference;

$container->setParameter(
    'console_exception_listener.class',
    'Acme\DemoBundle\EventListener\ConsoleExceptionListener'
);
$definitionConsoleExceptionListener = new Definition(
    '%console_exception_listener.class%',
    array(new Reference('logger'))
);
$definitionConsoleExceptionListener->addTag(
    'kernel.event_listener',
    array('event' => 'console.terminate')
);
$container->setDefinition(
    'kernel.listener.command_dispatch',
    $definitionConsoleExceptionListener
);

Then implement the actual listener:

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// src/Acme/DemoBundle/EventListener/ConsoleExceptionListener.php
namespace Acme\DemoBundle\EventListener;

use Symfony\Component\Console\Event\ConsoleTerminateEvent;
use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;

class ConsoleExceptionListener
{
    private $logger;

    public function __construct(LoggerInterface $logger)
    {
        $this->logger = $logger;
    }

    public function onConsoleTerminate(ConsoleTerminateEvent $event)
    {
        $statusCode = $event->getExitCode();
        $command = $event->getCommand();

        if ($statusCode === 0) {
            return;
        }

        if ($statusCode > 255) {
            $statusCode = 255;
            $event->setExitCode($statusCode);
        }

        $this->logger->warning(sprintf(
            'Command `%s` exited with status code %d',
            $command->getName(),
            $statusCode
        ));
    }
}

This work, including the code samples, is licensed under a Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0 license.