How to Find Missing or Unused Translation Messages

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When maintaining an application or bundle, you may add or remove translation messages and forget to update the message catalogues. The debug:translation command helps you to find these missing or unused translation messages.

Thanks to the messages extractors, the command will detect the translation tag or filter usages in Twig templates:

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        {% trans %}Symfony is great{% endtrans %}

{{ 'Symfony is great'|trans }}

{{ 'Symfony is great'|transchoice(1) }}

{% transchoice 1 %}Symfony is great{% endtranschoice %}
    

It will also detect the following translator usages in PHP templates:

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        $view['translator']->trans("Symfony is great");

$view['translator']->transChoice('Symfony is great', 1);
    

Caution

The extractors are not able to inspect the messages translated outside templates which means that translator usages in form labels or inside your controllers won't be detected. Dynamic translations involving variables or expressions are not detected in templates, which means this example won't be analyzed:

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        {% set message = 'Symfony is great' %}
{{ message|trans }}
    

Suppose your application's default_locale is fr and you have configured en as the fallback locale (see Translations and Translations for how to configure these). And suppose you've already setup some translations for the fr locale inside an AcmeDemoBundle:

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        <!-- src/Acme/AcmeDemoBundle/Resources/translations/messages.fr.xliff -->
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xliff version="1.2" xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
    <file source-language="en" datatype="plaintext" original="file.ext">
        <body>
            <trans-unit id="1">
                <source>Symfony is great</source>
                <target>J'aime Symfony</target>
            </trans-unit>
        </body>
    </file>
</xliff>
    

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        # src/Acme/AcmeDemoBundle/Resources/translations/messages.fr.yml
Symfony is great: J'aime Symfony
    

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        // src/Acme/AcmeDemoBundle/Resources/translations/messages.fr.php
return array(
    'Symfony is great' => 'J\'aime Symfony',
);
    

and for the en locale:

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        <!-- src/Acme/AcmeDemoBundle/Resources/translations/messages.en.xliff -->
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xliff version="1.2" xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
    <file source-language="en" datatype="plaintext" original="file.ext">
        <body>
            <trans-unit id="1">
                <source>Symfony is great</source>
                <target>Symfony is great</target>
            </trans-unit>
        </body>
    </file>
</xliff>
    

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        # src/Acme/AcmeDemoBundle/Resources/translations/messages.en.yml
Symfony is great: Symfony is great
    

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        // src/Acme/AcmeDemoBundle/Resources/translations/messages.en.php
return array(
    'Symfony is great' => 'Symfony is great',
);
    

To inspect all messages in the fr locale for the AcmeDemoBundle, run:

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        $ php app/console debug:translation fr AcmeDemoBundle

---------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
 State      Id                  Message Preview (fr)    Fallback Message Preview (en)
---------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
 unused     Symfony is great    J'aime Symfony          Symfony is great
---------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
    

It shows you a table with the result when translating the message in the fr locale and the result when the fallback locale en would be used. On top of that, it will also show you when the translation is the same as the fallback translation (this could indicate that the message was not correctly translated). Furthermore, it indicates that the message Symfony is great is unused because it is translated, but you haven't used it anywhere yet.

Now, if you translate the message in one of your templates, you will get this output:

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        $ php app/console debug:translation fr AcmeDemoBundle

---------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
 State      Id                  Message Preview (fr)    Fallback Message Preview (en)
---------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
            Symfony is great    J'aime Symfony          Symfony is great
---------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
    

The state is empty which means the message is translated in the fr locale and used in one or more templates.

If you delete the message Symfony is great from your translation file for the fr locale and run the command, you will get:

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        $ php app/console debug:translation fr AcmeDemoBundle

---------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
 State      Id                  Message Preview (fr)    Fallback Message Preview (en)
---------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
 missing    Symfony is great    Symfony is great        Symfony is great
---------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
    

The state indicates the message is missing because it is not translated in the fr locale but it is still used in the template. Moreover, the message in the fr locale equals to the message in the en locale. This is a special case because the untranslated message id equals its translation in the en locale.

If you copy the content of the translation file in the en locale, to the translation file in the fr locale and run the command, you will get:

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        $ php app/console debug:translation fr AcmeDemoBundle

----------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
 State      Id                  Message Preview (fr)    Fallback Message Preview (en)
----------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
 fallback    Symfony is great    Symfony is great        Symfony is great
----------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
    

You can see that the translations of the message are identical in the fr and en locales which means this message was probably copied from French to English and maybe you forgot to translate it.

By default all domains are inspected, but it is possible to specify a single domain:

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        $ php app/console debug:translation en AcmeDemoBundle --domain=messages
    

When bundles have a lot of messages, it is useful to display only the unused or only the missing messages, by using the --only-unused or --only-missing switches:

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        $ php app/console debug:translation en AcmeDemoBundle --only-unused
$ php app/console debug:translation en AcmeDemoBundle --only-missing
    

This work, including the code samples, is licensed under a Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0 license.

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