How to Access Services or Config from Inside a Form
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Read the updated version of this page for Symfony 7.1 (the current stable version).
Sometimes, you may need to access a service or other configuration from inside of your form class. To do this, you have 2 options:
1) Pass Options to your Form
The simplest way to pass services or configuration to your form is via form options.
Suppose you need to access the Doctrine entity manager so that you can make a
query. First, allow (in fact, require) a new entity_manager
option to be
passed to your form:
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// src/AppBundle/Form/TaskType.php
// ...
class TaskType extends AbstractType
{
// ...
public function configureOptions(OptionsResolver $resolver)
{
// ...
$resolver->setRequired('entity_manager');
}
}
Now that you've done this, you must pass an entity_manager
option when you
create your form:
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// src/AppBundle/Controller/DefaultController.php
use AppBundle\Form\TaskType;
// ...
public function newAction()
{
$entityManager = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();
$task = ...;
$form = $this->createForm(TaskType::class, $task, [
'entity_manager' => $entityManager,
]);
// ...
}
Finally, the entity_manager
option is accessible in the $options
argument
of your buildForm()
method:
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// src/AppBundle/Form/TaskType.php
// ...
class TaskType extends AbstractType
{
public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $options)
{
/** @var \Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager $entityManager */
$entityManager = $options['entity_manager'];
// ...
}
// ...
}
Use this method to pass anything to your form.
2) Define your Form as a Service
Alternatively, you can define your form class as a service. This is a good idea if you want to re-use the form in several places - registering it as a service makes this easier.
Suppose you need to access the EntityManager object so that you can make a query. First, add this as an argument to your form class:
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// src/AppBundle/Form/TaskType.php
use Doctrine\ORM\EntityManagerInterface;
// ...
class TaskType extends AbstractType
{
private $entityManager;
public function __construct(EntityManagerInterface $entityManager)
{
$this->entityManager = $entityManager;
}
// ...
}
If you're using autowire and
autoconfigure, then you don't need to do anything
else: Symfony will automatically know how to pass the correct EntityManager
object
to your __construct()
method.
If you are not using autowire and autoconfigure, register your form as a service
manually and tag it with form.type
:
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# src/AppBundle/Resources/config/services.yml
services:
AppBundle\Form\TaskType:
arguments: ['@doctrine.orm.entity_manager']
tags: [form.type]
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<!-- src/AppBundle/Resources/config/services.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<container xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services
https://symfony.com/schema/dic/services/services-1.0.xsd">
<services>
<service id="AppBundle\Form\TaskType">
<argument type="service" id="doctrine.orm.entity_manager"/>
<tag name="form.type"/>
</service>
</services>
</container>
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// src/AppBundle/Resources/config/services.php
use AppBundle\Form\TaskType;
use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\Reference;
$container->register(TaskType::class)
->addArgument(new Reference('doctrine.orm.entity_manager'))
->addTag('form.type')
;
3.3
Prior to Symfony 3.3, you needed to define form type services as public
.
Starting from Symfony 3.3, you can also define them as private
.
That's it! Your controller - where you create the form - doesn't need to change
at all: Symfony is smart enough to load the TaskType
from the container.
Read How to Create a Custom Form Field Type for more information.