How to Find Missing or Unused Translation Messages

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How to Find Missing or Unused Translation Messages

When maintaining an application or bundle, you may add or remove translation messages and forget to update the message catalogs. The debug:translation command helps you to find these missing or unused translation messages templates:

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        {# messages can be found when using the trans filter and tag #}
{% trans %}Symfony is great{% endtrans %}

{{ 'Symfony is great'|trans }}
    

Caution

The extractors can't find messages translated outside templates (like form labels or controllers) unless using Translations or calling the trans() method on a translator. Dynamic translations using variables or expressions in templates are not detected either:

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        {# this translation uses a Twig variable, so it won't be detected #}
{% set message = 'Symfony is great' %}
{{ message|trans }}
    

Suppose your application's default_locale is fr and you have configured en as the fallback locale (see Translations and Translations for how to configure these). And suppose you've already setup some translations for the fr locale:

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        <!-- translations/messages.fr.xlf -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<xliff version="1.2" xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
    <file source-language="en" datatype="plaintext" original="file.ext">
        <body>
            <trans-unit id="1">
                <source>Symfony is great</source>
                <target>J'aime Symfony</target>
            </trans-unit>
        </body>
    </file>
</xliff>
    

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        # translations/messages.fr.yaml
Symfony is great: J'aime Symfony
    

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        // translations/messages.fr.php
return [
    'Symfony is great' => 'J\'aime Symfony',
];
    

and for the en locale:

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        <!-- translations/messages.en.xlf -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<xliff version="1.2" xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2">
    <file source-language="en" datatype="plaintext" original="file.ext">
        <body>
            <trans-unit id="1">
                <source>Symfony is great</source>
                <target>Symfony is great</target>
            </trans-unit>
        </body>
    </file>
</xliff>
    

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        # translations/messages.en.yaml
Symfony is great: Symfony is great
    

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        // translations/messages.en.php
return [
    'Symfony is great' => 'Symfony is great',
];
    

To inspect all messages in the fr locale for the application, run:

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        $ php bin/console debug:translation fr

---------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
 State      Id                  Message Preview (fr)    Fallback Message Preview (en)
---------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
 unused     Symfony is great    J'aime Symfony          Symfony is great
---------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
    

It shows you a table with the result when translating the message in the fr locale and the result when the fallback locale en would be used. On top of that, it will also show you when the translation is the same as the fallback translation (this could indicate that the message was not correctly translated). Furthermore, it indicates that the message Symfony is great is unused because it is translated, but you haven't used it anywhere yet.

Now, if you translate the message in one of your templates, you will get this output:

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        $ php bin/console debug:translation fr

---------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
 State      Id                  Message Preview (fr)    Fallback Message Preview (en)
---------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
            Symfony is great    J'aime Symfony          Symfony is great
---------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
    

The state is empty which means the message is translated in the fr locale and used in one or more templates.

If you delete the message Symfony is great from your translation file for the fr locale and run the command, you will get:

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        $ php bin/console debug:translation fr

---------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
 State      Id                  Message Preview (fr)    Fallback Message Preview (en)
---------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
 missing    Symfony is great    Symfony is great        Symfony is great
---------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
    

The state indicates the message is missing because it is not translated in the fr locale but it is still used in the template. Moreover, the message in the fr locale equals to the message in the en locale. This is a special case because the untranslated message id equals its translation in the en locale.

If you copy the content of the translation file in the en locale to the translation file in the fr locale and run the command, you will get:

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        $ php bin/console debug:translation fr

----------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
 State       Id                  Message Preview (fr)    Fallback Message Preview (en)
----------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
 fallback    Symfony is great    Symfony is great        Symfony is great
----------  ------------------  ----------------------  -------------------------------
    

You can see that the translations of the message are identical in the fr and en locales which means this message was probably copied from English to French and maybe you forgot to translate it.

By default, all domains are inspected, but it is possible to specify a single domain:

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        $ php bin/console debug:translation en --domain=messages
    

When the application has a lot of messages, it is useful to display only the unused or only the missing messages, by using the --only-unused or --only-missing options:

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        $ php bin/console debug:translation en --only-unused
$ php bin/console debug:translation en --only-missing
    

Debug Command Exit Codes

The exit code of the debug:translation command changes depending on the status of the translations. Use the following public constants to check it:

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        use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Command\TranslationDebugCommand;

// generic failure (e.g. there are no translations)
TranslationDebugCommand::EXIT_CODE_GENERAL_ERROR;

// there are missing translations
TranslationDebugCommand::EXIT_CODE_MISSING;

// there are unused translations
TranslationDebugCommand::EXIT_CODE_UNUSED;

// some translations are using the fallback translation
TranslationDebugCommand::EXIT_CODE_FALLBACK;
    

These constants are defined as "bit masks", so you can combine them as follows:

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        if (TranslationDebugCommand::EXIT_CODE_MISSING | TranslationDebugCommand::EXIT_CODE_UNUSED) {
    // ... there are missing and/or unused translations
}
    

This work, including the code samples, is licensed under a Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0 license.

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